![]() Consequently, girls who have a high-fat diet and who are not physically active begin menstruating earlier, on average, than girls whose diet contains less fat and whose activities involve fat reducing exercise (e.g. Regardless of genes, a girl must have a certain proportion of body fat to attain menarche. The age of menarche is influenced by heredity, but a girl's diet and lifestyle contribute as well. For females, it is menarche, the onset of menstruation, which occurs, on average, between ages 12 and 13. The major landmark of puberty for males is spermarche, the first ejaculation, which occurs, on average, at age 13. Facial hair continues to get coarser, much darker and thicker for another 2–4 years after puberty. Some men do not develop full facial hair for 10 years after puberty. ![]() Facial hair is often present in late adolescence, around ages 17 and 18, but may not appear until significantly later. As with most human biological processes, this specific order may vary among some individuals. The hair eventually spreads to the sides and lower border of the chin, and the rest of the lower face to form a full beard. This is followed by the appearance of hair on the upper part of the cheeks, and the area under the lower lip. It then spreads to form a moustache over the entire upper lip. įacial hair in males normally appears in a specific order during puberty: The first facial hair to appear tends to grow at the corners of the upper lip, typically between 14 and 17 years of age. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity. ![]() The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The male and female gonads are thereby activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development the triggered gonads now commence mass production of hormones. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger Adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. Hormones play an organizational role, priming the body to behave in a certain way once puberty begins, and an active role, referring to changes in hormones during adolescence that trigger behavioral and physical changes. ![]() These changes are largely influenced by hormonal activity. Some of the most significant parts of pubertal development involve distinctive physiological changes in individuals' height, weight, body composition, and circulatory and respiratory systems. These factors can also contribute to precocious and delayed puberty. Every person's individual timetable for puberty is influenced primarily by heredity, although environmental factors, such as diet and exercise, also exert some influences. The average age of onset of puberty is at 11 for girls and 12 for boys. Puberty is a period of several years in which rapid physical growth and psychological changes occur, culminating in sexual maturity. The structure has changed to resemble an adult form. ![]() Main article: Puberty Upper body of a teenage boy. ![]()
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